Build Alone.
← Back to the library
EPISODE 01 · THE FOUNDATIONS

13 AI terms.
One clear picture.

A plain-English map of what AI knows,
what it connects to, and what it can do.

Download the one-page PDF The video is awaiting public release. All resources below are ready to use.
The useful bits, all in one place.

Free resources. No email address needed.

Cheat sheet PDF ↓Prompt template MD ↓
START WITH THE JOB EACH PART DOES

One model. A whole system around it.

01 / MODEL

Understand & respond

LLM · Multimodal · RLHF · Fine-tuning

02 / CONTEXT

Find & connect

Prompts · Knowledge base · RAG · MCP

03 / ACTION

Get work done

Agents · Workflows · Harness

AGI and ASI describe broader capability ideas, rather than another tool to plug in.

THE PLAIN-ENGLISH GUIDE

Find the term.
Lose the confusion.

Showing all 13 terms

01Model & training

LLM

Large language model

The part that works with language.

It reads a question and generates a reply, using patterns learned during training.

IN PRACTICESummarizing your meeting notes.
One thing to remember

A model does not automatically browse the web or open your files.

02Model & training

Multimodal

More than one kind of input or output

Text is only one way in.

A multimodal model can work with more than one kind of information, such as text, images or audio.

IN PRACTICEShowing AI a confusing chart.
One thing to remember

Check which formats the particular model supports. It can still misread them.

03Model & training

RLHF

Reinforcement learning from human feedback

Feedback helps shape behavior.

Human preferences about responses help guide additional model training.

IN PRACTICEPeople compare answers for helpfulness.
One thing to remember

A polite, confident answer can still be wrong.

04Model & training

Fine-tuning

Additional training on an existing model

Teach the model a particular job.

Further training with examples changes the model itself.

IN PRACTICETraining it to sort messages into your categories.
One thing to remember

Putting a document in a chat is not fine-tuning.

05Information & tools

Prompt engineering

Designing and testing instructions

Make the request clear.

Explain the task, supply useful context, say what you want back, then test and improve the instructions.

IN PRACTICEAsk for a short team update using your notes.
One thing to remember

Clear instructions help, but you still need to check the result.

06Information & tools

Knowledge base

A collection of useful information

The team’s document shelf.

Policies, instructions and notes collected for people or software to use.

IN PRACTICEYour team’s current leave policy.
One thing to remember

Storing a document does not mean the AI has retrieved or read it.

07Information & tools

RAG

Retrieval-augmented generation

Look it up before answering.

Retrieve relevant information and provide it to the model with the question.

IN PRACTICEFind the leave-policy section before answering.
One thing to remember

Retrieval can select the wrong passage or an outdated document.

08Information & tools

MCP

Model Context Protocol

A shared way for apps and tools to connect.

A protocol through which AI applications can communicate with tools and other context sources.

IN PRACTICEAn AI app connecting to calendar tools.
One thing to remember

Access still needs permissions. MCP is not required for every integration.

09Getting work done

AI agent

Goal-directed use of models and tools

Choose the next step toward a goal.

The model helps decide what to do next, using tools and results from earlier steps.

IN PRACTICEResearch services, compare findings, then fill gaps.
One thing to remember

Permission to research does not imply permission to buy or send messages.

10Getting work done

Workflow automation

Running an arranged sequence automatically

Set the path in advance.

Software runs steps you have arranged. A workflow can include an agent for one of those steps.

IN PRACTICERead messages, pick important ones, prepare an update.
One thing to remember

An agent can choose steps; a fixed workflow follows the path you set.

11Getting work done

Harness

The software around an agent

Give the agent a working setup.

The surrounding system manages things such as tools, state, permissions and checks.

IN PRACTICEKeep track of a task and stop for human approval.
One thing to remember

Two apps using the same model can perform differently.

12The bigger picture

AGI

Artificial general intelligence

Capability across many kinds of work.

A term for broadly capable AI; definitions and ways to measure it differ.

IN PRACTICEAsk what a speaker means when they claim AGI.
One thing to remember

Being excellent at one task does not settle general capability.

13The bigger picture

ASI

Artificial superintelligence

A hypothetical level beyond human capability.

Usually describes hypothetical AI exceeding human abilities across a broad range of tasks.

IN PRACTICEA future-capability concept, not an app feature.
One thing to remember

Do not confuse a hypothetical capability with a current product claim.

MAKE IT USEFUL

A clearer prompt.
A better starting point.

Try this with your own notes. Give the AI the material it needs, then check the result.

Keep the full template ↓
● ● ● YOUR NEXT PROMPT
Using only the meeting notes below, write a team update.

Include:
• Three key decisions
• Next steps, owners and due dates
• Any unanswered questions

Keep it under 150 words. If a detail is missing, say so. Don’t invent it.

Notes:
[Paste your notes here]

A note on the guide

These are starting points, not promises about every AI product. Capabilities vary, terminology evolves, and outputs still need checking. AGI has no single agreed definition; ASI is hypothetical.

A companion guide to Build Alone Episode 01. Definitions are condensed for quick reference.